Tafser of Haris el-Muhâsibî and his method

The purpose of this subject is to investigate the books of Hâris el-Muhâsibî who wrote one of the most ancient books in the field of exegesis procedure, from the exegesis methods point of view. This research has an importance because it provides to see the implementation of his opinions in The Understanding of Qur'an belongs to Muhâsibî who newer wrote a separate exegesis. Firstly, in the entrance part, the general information about the purpose, sources, and method for this research is excisting. In the first part, Muhâsibî's life, his teachers and books and professional opinions were mentioned. In the second part, terms of exegesis methods and categorizations in this field were examined. Exegesis methods from the point of source that used, bundling as narrative or intellectual exegesis; according to the deepness of explanation categorized as holistic or detailed exegesis; according to the Mushaf order or centering to a subject, named general or topical exegesis; the commentaries that belongs to different professional fields, for example belongs to fıqh, language, Sufism/mysticism or science, named as the colors of exegesis, were investigated. The evidential values, acceptance conditions, and explanations for these kind of commentaries with examples were included. In the third part, firstly, Muhâsibî's opinions that mentioned in el-Akl ve Fehmu'l-Kur'an (The Mind and Understanding the Qur'an) such as deeply understanding the Qur'an, some subjects from the Qur'anic science curriculum and genre of the Qur'an, were examined. Then, in a parallel appropriation to the second part exegesis methods title alignment, examples were chosen from the writings of Muhâsibî which carries a value of exegesis. As a conclusion, when the books of Muhâsibî were studied, it was seen that Muhâsibî keeps in the foreground the narrative exegesis and adheres in the intellectual commentaries to the narration. Nevertheless, his exegesis includes elements from fıqh/canon law and language but does not enter details. It was also seen that he gave deeper explanations in the fields that we can call moral and mystical exegesis. He used a wording that could be called a fıqh approach to mysticism, easily understandable and not complicated, not specialized to competent individuals, in the explanations for verses that have mystical dimensions. With this feature his area of appeal expended and provided the mystical meanings of verses to be clear as much as the law verdicts that interests the whole community. With the Tasvir/description title were given examples to the usually existing method of Muhâsibî in his books, that encourages to feel more what has been recited and to think as living the mentioned scene. Intercalarily, in this research the Mind/el-Akl, was studied from a different point of view as a topical exegesis.