Relay design for grounding and leakage current in hospital electrical installation

Scientists are making new studies on human life safety every day and continue to increase the standard of living. In general, it is very important to know that electrical safety in the hospital environment is not a static situation, but a moving and constant situation. Therefore, it is necessary to foresee and correct the danger that may occur in the installation. In a working system, leakage current is inevitable. Failure to take precautions against the occurrence of leakage current constitutes a major problem. For example, due to the sensitivity of biomedical devices, leakage current that occurs in case of error causes calibration problems in the device. Although most protection systems are well designed to protect human life and property, they cannot provide full protection. In this thesis, a relay that detects grounding and leakage current in the electrical indoor installation of the hospital has been designed by considering the life safety, which is the main task of the hospitals. The designed relay measures the voltage between the neutral and ground in the hospital electrical installation and displays it on the screen. It gives visual or both visual and audible warnings according to the scenarios determined for the measured neutral ground voltage (NGV) values. The measured voltage value for grounding also shows that there is a leakage current. An arduino card is used in this relay, which is designed to ensure the safety of human life and property. Today, there are many areas where arduino board is used. This is because it is a simplified version of the C++ programming language, so it can provide convenience even for the most complex tasks. In this thesis, there is information about the hardware components used in the arduino board, the software used for programming, how to write and create your own projects. The relay designed in this study should not be considered only as an Arduino board design. Because the place controlled by this relay is an important place in ensuring the safety of patients, staff and visitors of the leakage current that occurs in the grounding system. The resistance of a healthy person is not the same as the resistance of a patient. Since their resistances are not the same, their touch voltages are also different. For this reason, leakage current becomes a big problem for patients. The designed relay is an important device for detecting the leakage current with grounding in the internal installations of hospitals and for human living space.