Havayolu filo planlama yönetiminde hava aracı seçimi

Abstract : The aviation sector has become a sector that has been marked by the 20th century and has been developing continuously with the elements it contains. With the rapid development of technology and the deregulation of aviation in 1978, the competition among airlines, which are the most important element of aviation, has started to increase much faster. This increasing competition forced airlines to make large investments and strategic decisions to analyze the long-term effects and consequences of strategic decisions. Fleet planning, which is interested in how and with which strategy airlines should expand their fleets, is also an area that plans airlines both structurally and financially. The increasing competition has brought the importance of fleet planning to the surface. Fleet planning makes decisions for airlines to make the right aircraft at the right time and in line with the desired conditions. Fleet planning analyzes the environmental, financial and technological implications of the aircraft to be included in the fleet. The purchase of aircraft, which is the biggest investment of airlines, can lead to the bankruptcy of airlines if it is not done in a very good planning framework. For this reason, aircraft selection and aircraft purchase is one of the most important strategic decisions of airlines. In this study, a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach was proposed by using Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Weighted Distance Metric based evaluation method. Firstly, the factors affecting the choice of aircraft and the effect of these factors on each other were calculated. DEMATEL method was used to calculate this effectiveness of criteria. The criteria were compared in pairs and the decision makers determined their effects. Firstly these criteria as follows were determined: Purchase cost, fuel efficiency, terms of payment, maintenance cost, insurance cost, handling cost, commonality of the fleet, seat capacity, cabin structure, cargo capacity, noise pollution, delivery time and maximum take-off weight. Criteria below a determined threshold which was specified by decision makers were eliminated and the criteria that affect the decision makers the most were selected. These criteria are purchase cost, cost effectiveness, seat capacity, flight range, cargo capacity and maximum take-off weight. Secondly, the decision of which aircraft to buy for the decision maker with the criteria obtained is determined by weighted distance metric model. According to the target that is determined by the decision makers and the distance to the target, the decision makers make choice among alternatives. The resulting MCDM approach will already allow airlines to make more accurate decisions for fleet planning and to make decisions that are more logical in strategic decisions. Key Words: Investment Management in Aviation, Fleet Planning, Multiple Criteria Decision Making