Scintillation and bit error rate analysis of the Humbert Gaussian beam in atmospheric turbulence

The performance metrics such as scintillation indices, kurtosis parameter, beam size and bit error rate of a Humbert Gaussian beam propagating over a distance of 6 km under strong turbulence conditions in the atmosphere are analyzed. The scintillation analysis was performed in two different categories, focusing on both point and power scintillation, to further investigate the response of the laser beam to atmospheric disturbances. In order to understand how the Humbert Gaussian beam propagates in the atmospheric environment, this analysis is evaluated according to its performance as a function of beam degree, topological charge, radial pattern and beam radius. Throughout the study, a random phase screen model is adopted and the turbulence intensity is structured in a controlled manner using the Rytov variance. The results show that the radial pattern parameter does not have a critical effect on the beam during propagation, while the beam degree and topological charge parameters directly affect the beam size. It also shows that the beam size of the Humbert Gaussian beam is directly proportional to the propagation distance and inversely proportional to the beam radius, while the kurtosis and scintillation parameters are directly proportional to both the propagation distance and the beam radius. The bit error rate analysis shows that the beam has an advantage within a certain dB range, and loses this advantage after a certain dB. By analyzing the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the Humbert Gaussian beam, this study demonstrates the potential advantages of Free Space Optical communications.