Thermo-economic analysis of PV system that will provide the energy requirement of a natural stone (andesite) house in Iğdır province

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are structures that convert solar energy into electrical energy and the use of these systems is increasing worldwide day by day. The efficiency of solar panels, which generally operate with low efficiency, decreases even more with increasing temperature. For this reason, it is very important to select the optimum level of parameters that will increase the efficiency of a PV system to be installed. In this thesis study, firstly the analysis and calculations and then the application of the PV system that will meet the electrical energy required by a house made of natural stone in Igdir province were carried out. Firstly, the amount of electrical energy required by the house was determined and then the optimum parameters were determined by simulating shade analysis, panel inclination, and system angle according to the climate data in the database of the PV*SOL program. Then, the design and theoretical calculations of the heat pump, which will provide 500 litres of hot water at 50°C and at the same time increase the efficiency of the PV panels by reducing their increased heat as a result of solar radiation, have been carried out. Thus, the transformation of the system into a PV/T system has been analysed. The COP value of the heat pump, whose evaporator is PV panels and refrigerant is selected as R134a, is calculated as 4.14. In the construction of the house; natural stone (Andesite) material extracted from the underground in the Iğdır region was used and thermal insulation calculation was carried out according to TS 825 standards. In these calculations, the thermal conductivity coefficients of the underground materials measured in the laboratory environment were used. The thermal conductivity coefficients and physical properties of the stones extracted at different elevations were compared. In addition, the lowest possible wall thicknesses in the case of using only these natural stones without using any thermal insulation material were calculated with the help of the İZODER TS 825 program.