Changes and reflection of citizenship course curriculum on textboox, from 2nd constitutionalist period to The Republic Period (1908-1961)

Citizenship education is extremely important in terms of the rights and responsibilities of a society, the role of the individual in the society and the citizen model that the states want to educate. Curriculum and textbooks were used as a social engineering tool during the transition from Constitutionalist Period to Republic. In this period, the Turkish society has transformed from the community of servants to the community of citizens whose rights are guaranteed by the constitution. Both Ottoman rulers and founders of Republic of Turkey aimed to educate ideal/good citizens and submissive/ passive citizens through their own ideologies via curriculums and textbooks. The main purpose of this study is to examine what kind of citizen profile was aimed to train in the period from the Ottoman to the Republic via curriculums and textbooks of citizenship education, which aims to provide citizenship qualifications. The historical research pattern was used in the research. As a result of the findings obtained in the research that perception of citizenship was submissive/passive citizenship on the basis of rights in the II. Constitutionlist Period. Although submissive/passive citizens were wanted to be trained in a national line in the early years of the republic, the main nationalization in education has fully manifested itself after the 1930s. In the process from II. Constitutionlist Period to Republic, the basic aim in citizenship education curriculum and textbooks was to raise citizens who are embraced with universal and national moral values and gained state management, environment, health and economic awareness. Keywords: Citizenship, constitutionalism, curriculums, education, good citizen, republic, textbooks