In vitro evaluation of the reliability of two different resonance frequency analysis (RFA) devices: Osstell and Penguin RFA

Various methods and devices are used to measure the primer stability of the implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and repeatability of Osstell and Penguin RFA in different materials. Forty implants in 4.3 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length were used for the study. There were 4 groups (n=10 samples) and in each group, implants were embedded in polyvinylsiloxane impression material, soft lining material, self-cured acrylic, and polycarboxylate cement that poured into metal rings, 15 mm in diameter and 12 mm in height. Osstell and Penguin RFA were used to measure the implant stability quontient (ISQ). The measurement were repeated 3 times for each sample. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to assess the normality of the data. The results were evalauted using Kruskal Wallis test and Bonferroni Corrected Mann Whitney U test. The 'IntraClass Correlation Coefficient' was calculated to evaluate the correspondence between measurements. Significance level was set at p<0.05. ISQ values in measurement with both Osstell and Penguin RFA were statistically higher in self-cured acrylic and polycarboxylate cement than soft lining material and polyvinylsiloxane (p<0.05). The repeatability was 90.5% in all measurements of the Osstell device and 60.9% in all measurements of the Penguin device (p<0.05). The complete consistency was observed in the values of both devices in the self-cured acrylic and polycarboxylate material groups (p<0.05), but no consistency was found between the values of both devices in the soft denture liner and polyvinylsiloxane material groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, the repeatability of the Osstell was found to be higher than Penguin RFA. Both devices provided consistency in repeated measures only when the stability values were high, depended on the materials. Key words: Primary stability, implant, Osstell, Penguin RFA.