Long-term radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels of immediate and late dental implants:A retrospective study

Long-Term Radiographic Evaluation of Marginal Bone Levels of Immediate and Late Dental Implants: A Retrospective Study In our study, we aimed to evaluate the possible effects of the time (immediate or late) of dental implants on marginal bone level change retrospectively on radiographs. Besides, it was aimed to determine the effects of these factors on marginal bone loss and to determine the possible risk factors by examining the relationship between the reason of tooth loss, the size, diameter and brand of the implant, the type of prosthesis over the implant, the jaw and the area where the implant was placed and bone loss. In this study, patients who received implant treatment in the Periodontology Department of Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Dentistry between 2012 and 2019 and 2630 implants belonging to 771 (439 female, 332 male) patients with immediately after the operation (T0: initial), 3-4. Month (T1) and first year (T2: follow-up) panoramic radiographs were evaluated. Measurement of the changes on the marginal bone level was carried out on the relevant panoramic radiographs using the "Image J" program. Consequently, In the intergroup evaluation, when the marginal bone levels of immediate and delayed dental implants were compared, a statistically significant difference was found only at the end of the first year. Less marginal bone loss was observed in the implants placed immediately. Furthermore, in the in-group evaluations, it was found that the jaw (maxilla-mandible) where the implant was placed and the implant brand had statistically significant effects on the marginal bone level. On the other hand, it was determined that the reason for the loss of teeth, implant size and diameter, the area where the implant was placed (anterior-posterior), and the prosthesis type on the implant did not have any significant effect on the marginal bone level. Within the limitations of our study, factors such as implant placement time, the area of the jaw where the implant was placed, and implant brand were associated with marginal bone loss. Keywords: immediate implant, marginal bone loss, radiographic follow-up