The role of endogenous factors in intrauterine growth restriction

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a failure to access to the growth potential of the fetus and it affects 5-10%of pregnancies. Its origin is multifactorial and associated with high perinatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to identify the molecular mechanizms of the factors that play role in cell growth, cell proliferation and EGFR receptor pathway by using the microarray technique. In this study, evaluated 6 IUGR and 6 control patients with normal fetal development who referred to department of obstetrics and gynecology of Gazi University hospital between January-June and 2013. As result of this study, maternal age, pregestastional BMI and BMI at the end of pregnancy, birth weight were significantly less and AFP level was higher compared to controls (p < 0.05). In the study population, PDGFA, PDGFRA, TP53, CCND1, HBEGF, CBL, EGFR, BCAR1, BCL2, EPS8, NCK2, NUP62, RPS6KA5, SHC1, PPP2CA, RASA1 ve RAF genes showed significant decrease in expression, however, IL2 gene expression significantly increased compared to controls (p < 0.05). The expression of PDGFB, GRB2, GAB 1 genes was both significantly increased and decreased (p < 0.05). In conclusion; apoptosis enhances, as well as cell proliferation, plasental mitosis, trofoblastic development and function, signalization, anjogenesis and cell growth deteriorated in IUGR. Our study is the first examination that indicates CBL, HBEGF, NUP62, RAF1, RPS6KA5 ve SHC1 genes contribute apoptosis;CBL, EPS8, SHC1 ve RPS6KA5 genes contribute impairment in plasental mitosis; EPS8 gene contributes deterioration in trofoblastic development and function; CBL, NCK2 ve NUP62 genes contribute signalization disorder and PDGFRA gene contributes impairment in angiogenesis and cell development. We suggest that these findings will be important additions to the literature. The results of our study shows that maternal age, pregestastional BMI and BMI at the end of pregnancy, birth weight and maternal AFP may predict IUGR.