An investigation of fresh and hardened properties of cementitious grout made with combined use of waste marble powder and fly ash

The main objective of this thesis study is to investigate the effect of Waste Marble Powder (WMP) and Fly Ash (FA) on the rheology, workability, fresh and hardened properties of cementitious grout with respect to higher water/ binder (w/b) ratios. Due to the rapid increase in the demand for marble, which is a natural stone, the number of enterprises and factories related to marble sector is increasing. Depending on the capacity of these factories, mud, powder and pieces of marble waste are exposed; waste amount reaches up to 75%. Emptying the marble wastes to the usable agricultural land, the mixing of the very fine powdered part into the air and the water causes environmental pollution, has a negative effect on the health, covering the agricultural land in a long time and damages the soil and the products. Fly Ash is a silica-based powdery substance originating from the flue-gas of thermal power plants. Because of its pozzolanic effect, it binds free lime from cement hydration. This feature caused by fly ash in concrete production are widely used, but the rapid increase in the demand for electrical energy in Turkey, inadequacy of existing plants necessitates the creation of new thermal power plants, which in our country annually about 13 million tons, which will further increase the amount of this waste it means. The use of marble dust and fly ash from the solid wastes, which is an environmental problem in the world, in the improvement of the ground, which is a very important area of the construction sector, will provide the economic value of these wastes and will contribute to the prevention of environmental pollution by the removal of solid wastes. In this thesis; In order to contribute to the solution of the waste problem, it is aimed to use marble dust and fly ash in the production of cement based grout which is used for the treatment of soils. In the experimental study planned for this purpose, waste marble powder (WMP) and fly ash (FA) were replaced with cement; in this study, the fresh and hardened properties of cement based grout mixtures were investigated by experimental study. The investigation of the effects of these mixtures on the ground by model experiments was excluded. Four series of mixtures were prepared for the production of cement based injection mortars. In the first series prepared, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25% by weight of the marble was added to the cement. In the second series 25% (fixed) by weight of fly ash, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30% of the amount of waste marble dust was added to the cement. In the third and fourth batch mix, 20% by weight of clay is added to the whole mixture ratio provided that the ratios in the first two series remain constant. The ratio of water to the binder in each series was chosen as 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, and 1.5. A total of 48 (forty-eight) different injection mixtures were prepared with these materials and ratios. In each of the mixtures, a series of tests, such as plate cohesion, marsh funnel flow time, mini slump flow diameter, and cylindrical rotating rheometer, were carried out, including freshness and rheology tests. Specifically prepared series of 432 cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 5.5 cm, 11 cm in height, with three and four series identified; unconfined compressive strength test (UCS) were performed on 3, 7, 28 days. In each series, control sample was prepared by considering water-binding ratios. Control samples ingredient included first and second series water and cement, thirth and fourth series water, cement and clay. No additives were added to the cntrol samples. The test results were compared with the control samples and the literature; It has been concluded that mixtures of cement based grout prepared using waste marble dust and fly ash can be injected and used in the treatment of weak soils.