Women in the tradition of Islamic philosophy and their place in society

The aim of this thesis is to determine the evaluations made on women in the tradition of Islamic philosophy and to understand the place of women in society from the perspective of Islamic philosophers. As a matter of fact, women are the most devoted members of the family, which forms the basis of society. The woman, who is seen as the cause of original sin in various civilizations and deprived of many rights, has not been able to get rid of some duties that integrate with her, even though she has gone through the stages of social change and transformation over time. In ancient philosophy, while Plato positioned women ontologically lower than men; On the other hand, in his ideal state, he aims to position women in a place relatively more equal to men, instead of imprisoning them in the domestic space and making them invisible. In the pre-islamic age of ignorance society, where a patriarchal social structure was dominant before Islam, women had a second-class position. It is known that girls, who are seen as a burden for the family and tribe in this society, are buried alive. From this point of view, it can be said that women were deprived of many rights and laws in the society of ignorance. With the spread of Islam, men and women were held equally responsible for the orders and prohibitions in the Qur'an. Discussions and evaluations on women's rights and social status throughout history have also been continued in the tradition of Islamic philosophy. In this thesis, Kindi, Ebu Bekir Râzî, Fârâbî, İbn Miskeveyh, Yusuf Has Hacib, İbn Sînâ, Gazâlî, İbn Rushd, Nasiruddin Tûsî, Adudiddin el-İcî, Mevlânâ, Taşköprizâde, Erzurum Kınalızade, Ali İbrahim Çelebi, who shared their ideas about women in the tradition of Islamic philosophy, we will include the ideas of thinkers such as Hakkı and Muhammed İkbal. There is no separate title on the subject of women in the works of Islamic philosophers. Essentially, this subject has been dealt with in the human philosophy and, in particular, the family management part of practical philosophy. Ethics, education, duties and responsibilities of women in household management are discussed in this section. In this study, the subject of women will be discussed in this way.