Measures taken against poverty in Islamic economy and the Malaysian examplein

Reducing poverty is among the most important goals of all countries. Countries develop and implement various policies in the fight against poverty. Islam has introduced some obligations to reduce poverty and increase the general welfare of the society. This thesis draws a general framework by addressing the concept of poverty. The types of poverty, its causes and its dimensions in the world and Turkey are analysed. This examination includes factors such as globalisation, population growth, economic crises as well as social factors such as education level, unemployment and discrimination. In the second chapter, the concepts of poverty and destitution in Islam are analysed. Basic principles such as Islam's understanding of social justice, protection of human dignity, social solidarity and economic justice are presented. In addition, Islam's view of wealth and poverty, the rights and duties of the rich and the poor are emphasised. In the third chapter, Islam's strategies for combating poverty are discussed. Compulsory social finance instruments such as zakat, ushr, fitrah and voluntary instruments such as charity and waqf are explained. The role of the Islamic financial system against poverty is elaborated with instruments such as karz-el-hasan, murabaha, and at the same time Islam's prohibitive financial measures are emphasised. In the last section, the general economic situation of Islamic countries and the problem of poverty are discussed. Then, the effects of Islamic economic measures in the fight against poverty are analysed through the example of Malaysia. Malaysia's economic structure, Islamic finance system and its efforts in the fight against poverty are presented.