Journalism in exile: Critical journalism of diaspora from Turkey in the European mediascape

This thesis explores the experiences of journalists who were forced to leave Turkey for political reasons since the mid-2000s and how they have adapted to practising journalism in different countries. The study will delve into the technical, social, and professional aspects of this transformation, including the reasons for their exile, the conditions of threats and oppression that led to their exile, the working conditions they face in their current countries, the challenges and advantages of their situation, and their interactions with other journalists and professional organisations in the journalistic diaspora. Through my research, I aim to illuminate the diverse perspectives and approaches within the community of exiled journalists, taking into account their various professional and political stances. The field of diasporic journalism will be analysed theoretically through Bourdieu's 'field' theory and Gramsci's concept of 'hegemony'. The analysis of media studies in the diaspora will be carried out through in-depth interviews with journalists from three different groups: Kurdish media, Gülen Islamist media and left democratic-socialist media. How the diasporic journalistic field organises itself and navigates potential disagreements within this diasporic space is a driving question. Ultimately, my goal is to provide insight into the complex and multifaceted nature of these journalistic communities as they continue to develop and evolve and to provide a retrospective analysis of the evolution of journalistic practices in this context.