Paleoenvironmental properties and uses of karacaören area's (Nevşehi̇r) diatomite

In this thesis study, paleoenvironmental properties and uses of volcano genetic diatomite deposits which are outcropping in Karacaören (Ürgüp country, Nevşehir) area were studied. Two stratigraphic sections were measured in the investigated area, one of these sections was measured in the Quaternary units (K1), and the other section was measured in the lacustrine sediments of late Miocene-Pliocene Ürgüp Formation (K2). Twenty-five species of 10 different diatom genera were identified at the samples from these sections. The diatom genera and species; when the distribution of numerical values in the 20 microscopic area was determined, they were found to be deposited in freshwater lake showing shallow lake features, like containing high nutrition, high water temperature, and alkaline (pH >7). To specify to uses of study area's diatomite, Loss on ignition (in the 850 0C), XRD, amount of acid and water-insoluble matter, thermal conductivity (in the 101–150 0C and -10 + 10 0C), XRF and pH, total porosity and specific gravity, surface area, pore volume, pore size, whiteness, particle size and SEM analysis were been done with the saples collected from the area this analyse was done in General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration Laboratory. The outcome of the analyses showed that, study area diatomite's can be used in percolator, as a filler and structuring agents, in the margarine industry as a carrier for the curing catalyst, in laundry detergents and cleaners as a mild abrasive, as a polishing agent in auto polisher, in the manufacture of silicate, insulation construction, in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, and also making chalk and whitewash.