Using sediment and citotoxic analysis in determination of water quality and its effect on the livings in Karadere Dam Pond (Taşköprü–Kastamonu)

The studies conducted to determine and monitor the quality of freshwater resources, whose value is increasing daily, have become as important as reaching usable water resources. In the doctorate study, it was aimed to determine the effectiveness of using sediment analysis and cytotoxicity analysis to determine the direct effect on living things, as well as traditional methods, in determining the water quality of the Karadere Dam Pond in the Donalar Locality of Taşköprü, Kastamonu. It was primarily aimed to investigate how the standards specified in the Regulation on Surface Water Quality Criteria affect cell viability. In this context, physicochemical analyses, cytotoxic analyzes, and Radon concentration measurements of the water samples taken from the pond every month were performed. When the pollution was detected the most, the sediment sample taken in June was analyzed regarding organic matter content, heavy metal content, and physicochemical parameters. With physicochemical analyzes, 28 parameters (Temperature (OC), Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L), Salinity (ppt), pH, Electrical Conductivity (µs/Cm), Suspended Solids (Mg/L), Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) L), Biological Oxygen Demand (mg/L), Chloride (mg/L), Phosphate (mg/L), Sulphate (mg/L), Sulphite (mg/L), Sodium (mg/L), Potassium (mg /L), Total Hardness (mg/L), Total Alkalinity (mg/L), Magnesium (mg/L), Calcium (mg/L), Nitrite (mg/L), Nitrate (mg/L), Ammonium Salt (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Lead (µg/L), Copper (µg/L), Cadmium (µg/L), Mercury (µg/L), Nickel (µg/L), Zinc ( As a result of the mg/L)) analysis, the water quality class of the pond was determined as II according to the Surface Water Quality Regulation. Cytotoxicity studies were analyzed by MTT, LDH, and Live-Dead analyses, and the cells' morphology was examined by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. It was observed that pond water did not cause necrosis and apoptosis in cells, and it supported cell viability at a level that would not cause cell transformation. As a result of the sediment analysis, it was determined that the sediment quality of the pond, which was filled without bottom cleaning, was low. In addition, it was determined that the pond water did not show radioactivity at a scale that would adversely affect its use. The results show that cytotoxic and sediment analyses can be used to get early information about the pond's water quality.