Comparative Greek Persian art

The Persian sovereignty in Anatolia, which began with the invasion of Lydia by Cyrus the Great in 546 BC and the capture of the capital Sardis, lasted for about two hundred years after Alexander the Great of Macedon defeated the Persian king Dareios III at the Battle of Issos in 333 BC and this period was called the Persian Period or Achaemenid Period in Anatolia. The main subject of the Comparative Greek and Persian Art, which is the title of the study, is to make a comparison by evaluating the material culture and therefore the artistic outputs produced by these two great cultures and civilisations that cover these periods and interact with each other. In this study, Greek art, Anatolian art and Persian art have been tried to be concluded by evaluating the architectural structures, sculpture works and small finds in the monumental areas within the geography they belong to as much as possible. One of the most important results of the study is that the frieze reliefs of the Parthenon temple on the Acropolis, especially on the Greek mainland, and the Apadana reliefs of Persepolis functionally represent the image of an empire. In this representation, it is likely that the Parthenon reliefs were modelled on the Apadana reliefs in terms of composition. In Anatolia, the new imperial art seen with the Persian sovereignty changed the perspectives of the artists, especially in Greek perception, and this Attic vase painting gained a new dimension with the reflection of Persian iconography in the eyes of the Greeks. The reflection of Persian imperial art on the Anatolian geography was mediated by Persian satraps and high rulers. The addition of Persian art elements to local Anatolian art is considered Anatolian-Persian, while the addition of Greek art elements is considered Greco-Persian art. Keywords: Greek art, Persian art, Greco-Persian art, Persepolis, Pasargadae.