The investigation of alternative material using possibilities instead of bone ash in bone China production

In this study, the usability of wollastonite instead of bone ash compound in bone china, which is one of the soft porcelain types, containing bone ash, kaolin and feldspar was investigated. Wollastonite was gradually added at the rates of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.% instead of bone ash. Considering the deformation and light transmittance results, a combination of 5 to 7.5 wt.% wollastonite was formed and 3 wt.% alumina (Al2O3) was added to improve deformation properties. The prepared muds were shaped by slip casting and sintering was carried out at 1260 ° C for 1h. Physical and mechanical properties of sintered samples such as firing shrinkage, bending strength, deformation, water absorption, thermal expansion, light transmittance, color values were determined. Furthermore, sintered samples were also characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. An increase in deformation despite the increase in the light transmittance values of porcelain products was observed due to wollastonite addition. While the deformation was improved by adding 3 wt.% alumina to the composition containing 6 wt.% wollastonite, decrease in light transmission was observed. The results showed that 6 wt.% wollastonite can be used instead of bone ash in bone porcelain composition.