Determination of biocompatibilities of chitosan, acrylic acid, acrylamide, itaconic acid and crotonic acid based hydrogels

In this study, acrylamide (AAm), acrylic acid (AA), acrylic acid/crotonic acid (AA/CA), acrylic acid/itaconic acid (AA/IA), acrylamide/crotonic acid (AAm/CA), acrylamide/itaconic (AAm/IA) acid and chitosan (Cs) based hydrogels were prepared in different compositions by using ammonium persulphate (APS)/sodium metabisulfide [(NH4)2S2O8/Na2S2O5] as initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross linker via free radical polimerization. First of all, swelling behaviour of hydrogels in DMEM medium and effects of the hydrogels on medium pH were investigated. The swelling values of hydrogels in DMEM were determined in paralel. In general it was observed that while the hydrogels based on AA made medium pH asidic, the based on AAm made medium pH basic. The multiplification-graphic studies of L929 mause fibroblast cells were carried out and three days later the cells went on logarithmic multiplification phase and at the day of nine the multiplification layer was covered by the cells completely. The cytotoxicity studies for determining of biocompatibility were performed in vitro conditions by using L929 mouse fibroblast. Cytotoxicity tests were carried out according to ISO 10993 standard. In this study, cell viability was determined 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. Also cell morphology was investigated during the study. As a result, non of the hydrogels showed toxic effect and change in cell morphologies was not observed. Especially in the first 48 hours, it was observed that hydrogels affected the cell proliferation. It is thought that there is not inconvenience in the use of all tested hydrogels as a biomaterial.