Investigation of FADS1, BDNF and NPY gene polymophisms that may be related to colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world after lung and breast/prostate cancers, and it is the second most common cancer-related death. It is estimated that 50% of patients with colorectal cancer die from metastasis because they are exposed to both physiological and morphological challenges throughout the disease process. Although it is known in the literature that it mostly causes liver metastases, there is still no complete information about its molecular mechanisms. When the susceptibility to colorectal cancer and its relationship with genetics were investigated, many genes were found to be responsible. It was aimed to examine the relationship of FADS1, BDNF and NPY genes in terms of polymorphism in the colorectal cancer patient group with 84 samples and the healthy control group with 81 samples from the two groups formed in our study. Gene polymorphism, DNA isolation and Real-Time PCR method were performed in the patient and control groups, and our results were evaluated with SPSS. As a result of the research; the genotype distribution of the BDNF gene was 5.1% GG, 89.7% GA, 5.1% AA in the patient group and 3.9% GG, 93.5% GA, 2.6% AA in the control group. According to the statistical results, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. (p>0.05) The genotype distribution of the NPY gene was 3.8% AA, 93.8% AG, 2.5% GG in the patient group and 7.8% AA, 84.4% AG, 7.8% GG in the control group was detected. According to the results of the statistical analysis, there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups. (p>0.05) The genotype distribution of the FADS1 gene was 7.8% TT, 90.6% GT, 1.6% GG in the patient group and 3.9% TT, 78.9% GT, 17.1% in the control group. It is designated as GG. When the patient and control groups were compared, it was observed that there was a significant difference (p<0.003) in terms of GG genotype. Since there is no polymorphism study of the FADS1, BDNF and NPY genes examined in our study related to colorectal cancer in the literature, the data of this project show the feature of being a pioneering data that contributes to the literature. It can be stated that the presence of the FADS1 gene, one of the studied genes, may be protective. Although this statistically significant gene and its related genotype are associated with colorectal cancer, it is recommended to conduct different studies with more samples in order to reach detailed and clear results.