Developing modern approach recommendations in spatial data dissemination

The development of modern approach suggestions in spatial data presentation is a very important issue since today's spatial data sharing methods have not changed or developed at all in the last 20 years. There is no doubt that spatial data presentation cannot be evaluated independently of NSDI. As a result of the studies carried out within the scope of this study, it was suggested that all parties share their data directly in their own application schemes with the open data approach in order to implement the spatial data sharing environment targeted in NSDI as soon as possible, and a path was created for public institutions and organizations and all stakeholders that will transition to the open data approach. map was created. In this direction, studies were carried out on what modern approaches could be in sharing spatial data. GraphQL, REST and Linked Data (BV) topics were identified as modern approaches to presenting spatial data. It will contribute to creating an effective query environment for spatial data with the GraphQL approach. The fact that the standards published by OGC recently for spatial data presentation were prepared with the REST approach confirms this approach. The final point that should be targeted in the presentation of spatial data is the publication of spatial data as BV. Existing methods for sharing spatial data as BV were examined and in the light of existing technologies, the most ideal method was determined to be the creation of a Virtual Knowledge Graph (VKG). The spatial data publisher's ability to publish spatial data using OGC API standards, GraphQL approach and VKG simultaneously will completely solve the problem of creating an effective data sharing environment, which was aimed to be solved in NSDI from the beginning. As a result, directly implementing open data approaches and using REST and GraphQL approaches in publishing spatial data and aiming to create a VKG for the transition to linked data is the way to go, especially for countries such as Turkey that do not yet have a NSDI.