The effect of early mobility on pain and haematoma, bleeding, ecchymosis and pseudoaneurysm at the femoral catheter site in individuals undergoing coronary angiography

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a general type of vascular disease called atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is characterised by narrowing or blockage of the arteries as a result of the build-up of fat and cholesterol in the artery walls. This can lead to myocardial infarction (MI), blockage of the coronary arteries. Various complications are observed due to the lack of an optimal duration of bed rest recommended after coronary angiography (CAG) procedure. This study was planned in a non-randomised quasi-experimental design to determine the effects of early mobilisation on pain and hematoma, bleeding, ecchymosis and pseudoaneurysm at the femoral catheter site in individuals who underwent coronary angiography between 01.11.2022 - 30.04.2023 in the 6-bed Coronary Intensive Care-1 and 7-bed Coronary Intensive Care-2 clinics of Batman Training and Research Hospital. Data were collected by Patient Identifying Information Form, Bleeding and Haematoma Follow-up Form, Visual Analogue Scale. IMB was evaluated with SPSS Statistics 27 statistical programme and statistical significance value was accepted as p<0.05. In the study, the patients were followed up until discharge after CAG procedure and it was observed that there was no difference in terms of bleeding, haematoma and ecchymosis according to the total complication development of both groups and the groups were similar. The total number of ecchymoses in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.034). When the pain intensity of the patients in the intervention and control groups were evaluated according to time, it was observed that the pain intensity at the 5th and 8th hours was higher than the pain intensity at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th hours (p<0.001). During the follow-up period, it was observed that the groups were similar according to the pain region between the groups, and the back pain of the patients in both groups increased after the 5th hour. In conclusion, it was observed that early mobilisation after CAG is important in terms of vascular complications, studies evaluating the effectiveness of early mobilisation in different patient groups should be encouraged, considering that sandbagging increases pain in patients, alternative methods should be studied, nurses and healthcare personnel should be trained on early mobilisation and awareness should be increased.