Feodality in England in the term of King John and the road to Magna Carta (1199-1216)

This thesis examines the conflicts of John, King of England in the XIII century, whose political activities at the end of the XII century, caused by feudal law, the phenomenon of feudalism in his period, his relations with the Pope and barons, and thus the process leading to Magna Carta. In this study, it will be discussed that King John could not protect his continental rights transferred to him. According to the basic thesis of the study, John, his father II Henry used the legacy he inherited from Plantaganet to suppress feudal elements, but he was not successful. This work is based on many main sources and copyrighted works, as well as archival documents, biographies, letters, etc. King John aims to contribute to the literature as the first study to analyze the phenomenon of feudalism and the process leading to Magna Carta in England. In the first part, the life and political activities of King John (1166- 1216) II. It was thoroughly analyzed, starting with the reign of Henry (1155- 1189). In the second part of the study, the social structure of British fodalite in the John's period was examined by bringing economic elements to the fore. In the third part, the Battle of Bauvines and the rebellion of the barons, which influenced the process leading to Magna Carta, are analyzed. As a result of the research, it was concluded that Magna Carta definitely came into force under the influence of feudal elements and that King John interrupted Angevin's legacy. Our research shows that; John knelt down to his barons in the process leading to Magna Carta, who could not even manage, let alone retain the legacy that was transferred to him.