Histopatologic evaluation of effect of local simvastatin and ozone application on bone formation, inflamation, fibrozis and cell destruction in rat calvarium defects

Various medications are used to induce the healing of defects created in the area of dental surgery. Statin group of drugs, used for lowering high blood cholesterol levels has been shown in several studies that also have positive effects on new bone formation. In general medicine and dentistry, ozone is in widespread use as an alternative treatment and has positive effects on new bone formation. The aim of this study is the evaluation of new bone formation, inflammation, fibrosis and cell damage after application of local simvastatin and ozone on critical-sized rat calvarium defects. In our study, 14 weeks 48 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. Biteral defects are created in the rat calvariums. Right side defects were experimental group and the left side defects were set as control group. At 21. and 28. days sacrifications are done and specimens are histopatologically analized. After histopatological examination, it is concluded that locally applied 0.5 mg simvastatin was not effective on new bone formation at 21. and 28. day. Simvastatin also increased the inflamation and fibrosis. Ozone induces new bone formation both in simvastatin and jelatamp groups. Inflamation, fibrosis and cell damage is decreased with ozone application in all groups. As a result of our study there is a positive effect of ozone on formation of new bone, however further studies must be developed for the optimum dose and carrier for simvastatin which helps new bone formation. Keywords: Simvastatin, Ozone, New Bone Formation, Inflamation, Fibrosis, Cell Damage, Local, Defect