The effect of rose hip (Rosa canina L.) plant extract application on carps' (Cyprinus carpio L.,1758) hematological parameters and some serum mineral levels

In this study, it was aimed to find out the possible positive or negative effects of different doses (5-10-20 ppm) of rose hip (Rosa canina L.) fruit extract, whose high antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cancer preventing effects are known, on haematological parameters and some serum electrolytes of common carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) during different times (4-30 days). As a result of the study, according to the control group, in acute and sub-chronic phases (4 and 30 days), the decrease in white blood cells (WBC) count, lymphocyte rate, erythrocyte, haemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum sodium, phosphorus, chlorid, calcium rates in 20 ppm dose groups, and the increase in 10 ppm dose group were found statistically significant (p<0.05) and there wasn't any significant differences in 5 ppm dose group when compared to the control group (p>0.05). Also, it was concerned that the increase occuring in serum electrolytes in 10 ppm dose group was statistically significant (p<0.05), and this situation was originated from polyphenol compounds (proanthocyanidin, catechin, and izocversytin) included in rose hip fruit extract. In the end, it was found out that the the rose hip fruit extracts; in 10 ppm dose groups induced hematopoietic organs strengthened immune system of carps and in 20 ppm dose groups supressed them and also decreased the oxygen-carrying capasity of blood and could lead to microcytic anemia. In addition, it was statistically signnificant that sub-chronic phase was more active for increasing and decreasing the hematological parameters and serum electrolytes rates than acute phase (p<0.05). Also, it has physiologically observed that rose hip plant extracts may be safe when used at the doses of 5 ppm and 10 ppm for fish.