Social exclusion experiences of individuals with substance use disorder from the perspectives of professionals providing services in the field of addiction: A phenomenological study

This study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the experiences of social exclusion among individuals struggling with substance abuse, as perceived by professionals working in the field. A qualitative research method was adopted, with a phenomenological design being preferred. Research data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with social service specialists, clinical psychologists, and public relations specialists working in Istanbul, Muğla, Denizli, Amasya, and Balıkesir provinces. Interviews were conducted face-to-face and online, as circumstances permitted. The analysis revealed that substance-dependent individuals are frequently exposed to processes of stigmatization, exclusion, and othering; these processes negatively affect both their access to treatment and their social integration. Participants supported the view that social exclusion is a dynamic phenomenon that can be reproduced not only at the individual level but also at the structural and cultural levels. This research reveals that social exclusion is a factor that reinforces the cycle of addiction and highlights the shortcomings of the current system in providing comprehensive support models for individuals with addiction. Based on the findings, recommendations were made regarding social policies and practices that would strengthen the reintegration of individuals with addiction into social life.