The effects of heavy metal pollution from mining operations on certain horticultural plants (the case of Bingöl)

This study was conducted to determine the accumulation levels of heavy metals in certain horticultural crops cultivated around the Avnik iron mine located in the Genç district of Bingöl Province, Türkiye. Plant species including Pear (Pirus communis), Blackberry (Rubus caesius), Strawberry (Fragaria vesca), Mulberry (Morus alba), Apple (Malus cummonis), Walnut (Juglans regia), Plum (Prunus domestica), Apricot (Prunus armeniaca), and Grape (Vitis vinifera) were examined. The concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed in the stem, leaf, and fruit tissues. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were evaluated. The findings indicate variable levels of metal accumulation across different plant organs, with some species showing potential for phytoremediation. Given the direct consumption of fruits and leaves, such accumulation poses risks to food safety and human health. The results are expected to contribute to the monitoring of environmental impacts from mining activities and the development of sustainable and safe agricultural practices.