Determination of components of extracted from different parts of melocan (Smilax excelsa L.) plant by microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction

Melocan (Smilax excelsa L.) is a plant that grown in the Black Sea Region, whose leaves, fruits and sprouts are consumed in the daily diet and which is used as a folk medicine. In this study, leaves, fruits and sprouts of melocan were extracted with three different extraction methods (traditional extraction (GE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UDE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MDE)) and total phenolic contents (TFM), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and phenolic components of the extracts were measured. Total phenolic contents of leaves, fruits and sprouts were found to be 55.98±1.98, 55.25±2.81 and 37.13±2.99 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight with GE, 57.30±2.42, 57.12±2.89 and 38.12±4.24 mg GAE/g dry weight with UDE, 67.27±2.05, 66.23±6.59 and 50.35±4.07 mg GAE/g dry weight with MDE, respectively. Total antioxidant capacities of leaves, fruits and sprouts were found to be 69.12±1.77, 67.62±9.83 and 39.18±1.07 mg trolox/g dry weight with GE; 67.01±1.70, 80.69±3.97 and 40.10±4.97 mg trolox/g dry weight with UDE, 83.82±5.72, 76.02±6.96 and 53.90±3.13 mg trolox/g dry weight with MDE, respectively. Chlorogenic acid content of leaves, fruits and sprouts were found to be 18.71±0.86, 5.70±0.35 ve 2.72±0.06 mg/g dry weight with GE; 18.61±0.55, 5.90±0.23 ve 18.09±0.29 mg/g dry weight with UDE, 5.41±0.04, 3.96±0.34 ve 3.26±0.14 mg/g dry weight with MDE, respectively. When the obtained results were evoluated, the lowest phenolic content in S. excelsa L. was determined in the sprouts. There were differences between extraction methods. It was found that ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction were advantageous, so more detailed studies are needed.