In Memduh Şevket Esendal stories fiction and narration techniques

In this study, Memduh Şevket Esendal's stories are examined in terms of fiction and narration techniques. The absence of a study in this field renders the research necessary to be conducted. Thirteen story books of Memduh Şevket Esendal were investigated, the narration techniques found in the stories were determined, and the common characteristics included in the stories in the process of forming the fiction were tried to be established. For this, firstly, all the stories were studied and the common fiction features and the narrative techniques in the stories were determined. In the next stage, secondary sources related to fiction and narration techniques were scanned, the stories were re-examined in the light of detailed information about these techniques, and the relevant chapters were searched by scanning the dissertations written on "Memduh Şevket Esendal". As a result of the investigation of Memduh Şevket Esendal's stories in terms of fiction and narration techniques, it is observed that the writer's stories are divided into two periods in terms of writing style. It is seen that the author wrote stories mainly about "event" and primarily by taking "narration" technique into account in the period until he got to know the Russian writer Chekhov when he was in charge of as a Baku Representative appointed in 1923. After this period, he wrote his stories using the "'illustration" technique, in which dialogues were predominant. Thestories generally begin with depictions of character, setting or nature. During the fictional phase of the stories, it is observed that particularly the depictions of setting and nature are convenient for the socio-psycho-economic conditions of the people. Apart from fiction, it has been observed that stories also vary in terms of narration techniques. In the stories, it has been observed that in addition to techniques such as inner monologue, stream of consciousness, letter, abridgement, metafiction, and dream, fantastic elements, essay and speech style narrative techniques are also used. In this context, it can be said that Memduh Şevket Esendal included modernist techniques in his stories, which were not used consciously in the field of stories in Turkish literature before him. The stories of the author, who is considered to be the pioneer of the style known as "situation" storytelling in the story genre, are also among the first examples in the field of modernist stories in Turkish literature in terms of the fiction and narration techniques that are used. Key Words: Memduh Şevket Esendal; fiction; narration techniques