Determination of the relationship between gammaridae and ephemeroptera species diversity and water pollution in river sources of Mezitler (Bozüyük-Bilecik) region

In this study, it is aimed to investigate Gammaridae and Ephemeroptera biodiversity of Mezitler Region and to determine the effects of water quality parameters on Gammaridae and Ephemeroptera and their gut microflora. Water, sediment, Gammaridae and Ephemeroptera samples were collected from the study area in a total of 24 location in 4 different time periods, 6 different stations. As a result of the sampling, physicochemical parameters of water samples (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, ammonium and nitrate) and chemical oxygen demand and the dehydrogenase enzyme activity of sediment samples were determined. Gammaridae and Ephemeroptera taxa samples from the stations were diagnosed and Gammarus balcanicus, Gammarus agrarius, Baetis rhodani, Baetis lutheri, Baetis vernus, Baetis pavidus, Epeorus znojkoi, Electrogena lateralis, Echinodorus dispar, Ephemerella ignita species were determined. The abundance and biodiversity of the species determined according to the water quality were evaluated and the species with the greatest abundance were Gammarus balcanicus and Baetis rhodani. When the relationship between water quality values and individuals is examined, it has been observed that members of Gammaridae taxa have decreased in number due to decrease in temperature due to decrease of temperature in appropriate habitat conditions and increase in number of individuals with elevated oxygen and redox potential values of members of Ephemeroptera taxon. In addition, it was determined that increased chemical oxygen demand caused a decrease in the number of Ephemeroptera individuals. The results obtained from the study reveal the abundance and distribution of Gammaridae and Ephemeroptera taxa of Mezitler (Bozüyük-Bilecik) region, and a close relationship between water quality values and biodiversity.