Evaluation of the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori by staining methods from stomach biopsy samples

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to retrospectively investigate the presence of H. pylori with modified giemsa and Hematoxylin & eosin staining in gastric antrum biopsy samples of patients who applied to Ordu University Training and Research Hospital with dyspeptic complaints. In addition, the sections obtained were stained in parallel with Giemsa, Wright's eosin methylene blue and modified giemsa dyes, and the effectiveness of the dyes in diagnosis was aimed to be compared. Materials and Methods: The population of the study was 2679 gastric biopsy samples sent to the pathology laboratory between 2014-2018. Stomach biopsy samples were scanned and hemotoxylin & eosin, giemsa and Periodic Acid Schift Alcian Blue (PAS-AB) dyes were re-examined for H. pylori. In microscopic examination, samples were also evaluated in terms of intestinal metaplasia, activation and atrophy. In the study, 37 negative, 31 mild positive, 31 medium positive and 31 severe positive samples were randomly selected, apart from routine staining methods. Cross sections were again taken from selected samples and stained with Giemsa and Wright's eosin dye, and May-grünwald & Giemsa (MGG) dye, Giemsa and Wright's eosin methods were compared. Results: A total of 2679 patients, 49.15% male and 50.85% female, were included in the study. The average age of patients between the ages of 17-93 was 50.42 ± 15.32. In the study, H. pylori positivity was determined as 46.8%. In the study, there was a significant relationship between H. pylori severity and inflammation (p <0.01). The increase in the severity of H. pylori also increased the incidence of activation positivity. In patients with severe H. pylori positivity, the rate of atrophic patients (56.4%) was higher than the ratio of those without (43.6%). Conclusion: It has been determined that the percentage of bacteria to be seen in Ordu province is high and it has been suggested that people should be informed about the ways of transmission and protection of H. pylori. In addition, it was concluded that Giemsa and Wright's eosin dyes can be used because they are easy and cheap in diagnosis since similar results are obtained with applied staining methods.