A review of Mirza Ali Ekber Sabir's life, literary personality and works

Mirza Ali Akbar Sabir, who is shown as one of the important poets of modern Azerbaijani literature, is one of the important names who left their mark on Azerbaijani literature at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Sabir, who started his literary life in the tradition of old poetry, became acguainted with the new understanding of poetry in time, and writes his poems with the synthesis of old and new. Sabir, a contemporary of important intellectuals such as Mirza Fethali Ahundzade, Sayyid Ezim Shirvani, Abbasgulu Bakuhanov, Feridun Bey Köçerli, Abbas Sıhhat; influenced by their understanding of poetry. In particular, his literary conversations with Abbas Sıhhat and Feridun Bey Köçerli introduced him to new poetry and a realistic understanding. Considering the period in which Mirza Ali Akbar Sabir lived, it is possible to see that the Russians established an intense dominance over Azerbaijan and Caucasian countries. While Turkish society was living under oppression, various ways were used by the intellectuals of the period to prevent oppression from being accepted by the public. One of these ways is undoubtedly literature. When the old-new debate came to light, the common issue was raising public awareness and the Turkish problem, while many poets and writers aim to spread this idea to the public through various publications. The greatest defender of these ideas is Mirza Ali Akbar Sabir. The poet, who cannot digest the people's living in misery, ignorance and living their lives without a sense of justice, writes poems with a socialist realist understanding; He manages to fit every particle of society behind the words in his poems. He puts aside his own problems, especially his family problems, and keeps his people in the foreground. The poet who fell into bed on the way of the people; Even in his last breath, he only thinks about his nation, not himself. When we look at the Ottoman geography as of the 19th century, we can see Mehmet Akif Ersoy, the name who combines his socialist line with an ummatist understanding. The basic concept that unites Mehmet Akif and Sabir in the same thought in different lands in the 19th century is the people. Two important poets, who aim to observe the people in the best way and transfer them to works, put their signatures on our literature in this direction. It is guite striking that Sabir, who wrote the society, the ignorance of the society, the use of the clergy for their religious interests, the conflict between the rich and the poor in the society, the worker-farmer struggle with a realistic understanding, achieved permanence in the world of literature in a short time. However, the most striking event that made him permanent in the literary world was the Molla Nasreddin magazine published by Celil Memmedguluzade. In this magazine, Sabir nourishes the satirical and dark humor style with a simple language, ehpressing all the distortions of his period harshly and criticizing them boldly. "I rotted my flesh in the way of the people, even if life was enough, I would also rot my bones for the sake of the people. " The poet, who says, thinks of his people even in his last breath, tries to raise awareness of the people despite all the difficulties he has ehperienced in every aspect of his life. His greatest thought is that his society should live in freedom. This libertarian side of Sabir and his fondness for freedom form his common point with the life philosophy of Namık Kemal, the "homeland poet" in the Ottoman geography. Both poets deal with the period and society in which they lived in a romantic way, in a language that will enlighten the society. Homeland is love for them. There is only one truth for two poets who write their poems with the fire of love: "Hürriyet. " It is possible to say that Namik Kemal was also influenced by Sabir, who wrote poems to "Hürriyet Kasidesi" and "Homeland Song" written by Namık Kemal. Most of Sabir's poems are not published due to financial difficulties. For this reason, his greatest desire is to publish his poems as a book. Before he dies, Sabir ehplains his will on this subject to his friend Abbas Sıhhat, and this will is fulfilled by Abbas Sıhhat not long after. This book, in which his poems were brought together with the help of Abbas Sıhhat, is called "Hophopname". This book, on which different studies have been carried out from the time it was first published to the present, becomes a vast resource for literature researchers. It is not possible to say that the poet, who is an endless treasure for Turkish and Azerbaijani literature, has been sufficiently discovered until today. In this study, it is aimed to make a comprehensive study on the life, literary personality and poems of Mirza Ali Ekber Sabir, who is very important for the Turkish World and Azerbaijani literature and who has ensured his permanence in the literary world in a short time, and to transfer his poems from Azerbaijani Turkish to Turkey Turkish; Research has been done in this direction. As a research method, the literature review technique was used. As a result of the study, it has been seen that Mirza Ali Ekber Sabir is one of the pioneers of new literature in Azerbaijani literature and addressed the ages with his poems.