The silent revolution of the Muslim Brothers: Restructuring the social and political space in the Middle East

The Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan-i Muslimin) was founded in Egypt by Hassan al-Banna in 1928. This organization aimed to make Islam the center of social and political life. The founding leader of the Brotherhood, Hassan al-Banna, aimed to revitalize the policies of Islam in social, economic and societal areas. The process of establishing the Muslim Brotherhood is associated with social and political unrest in the Middle East, especially under the influence of Western colonialism. In this context, countries with a central position in the Middle East are the centers of many intellectual and political movements developing in the Islamic world and are influenced by these movements. From the 1940s onwards, the ideas of the Muslim Brotherhood Society left deep traces on Islamic movements in the region and became the reference point for such formations that emerged later. The Brotherhood movement was particularly influential as a social, political and religious structure and played a major role in the formation of other Islamic movements in the Middle East. The Brotherhood ideology, which spread throughout the region from the 1940s onwards, became a political and social force that was legally recognized as a political party in many Middle Eastern countries, especially in the 1990s.This movement, which in principle stays away from armed struggle and adopts reform and education methods, has followed a different path than other Islamic and leftist groups in many countries, and this line has paved the way for the movement to gain a broad base. Today, it continues its existence as an important political party and civil society organization in many countries. It continues its policy as an anti-violence and peaceful political structure that defends the rights of the people in many countries of the Middle East. This study aims to reveal the Middle East structure of the Muslim Brotherhood Society, which continues its existence with both Islamic values and political identity, and to reveal the importance of the society in the Middle East.