The text linguistics structure of the Nehcü'l-Ferādīs (1. Chapter)

Since the middle of the 20th century, the researchers, who were united in the view that people agreed with "texts" that formed a meaningful whole, not individual sentences, changed their direction from sentences to larger units, and texts began to be studied as a subject of a scientific field. This field, which focuses on texts and examines them through various criteria, is textlinguistics, which has developed as a sub-branch of linguistics. Textlinguistics is the field of study in which the conditions of a text to be a text are examined through the criteria of cohesion and coherence, which are created based on the theories put forward by various researchers. Textlinguistics, which brings all kinds of texts into the field of its study; reveals the features that distinguish the text from the non-text by examining the text in terms of structural, functional and semantic. It deals with each text through its genre-specific features. It explains the factors that affect the perception of the text as a meaningful whole, determines the relations between the language units that make up the text. It does not consider the meaning of the text only at the lexicogrammatical level, investigates the effectiveness of text generator and text decoder in perceiving the text as a meaningful unit. Thus, it explains all the elements that are effective in perceiving a text as a meaningful and understandable whole and deals with the texts from a versatile perspective. So, considering all these features, in this study, the first chapter of Nehcü'l-Ferādīs, which is one of the most important sources in the history of Turkish language, has been examined through the textuality criteria of textlinguistics and the ten parts in the first chapter have been subjected to a multi-faceted analysis. Nehcü'l-Ferādīs, which is the subject of the study, is a highly studied work that works hard because it clearly shows the language features of Khwarezm Turkish and is written in a plain language. However, studies have generally approached the work as one-dimensional. In this study, the first chapter of Nehcü'l-Ferādīs was handled through the criteria of coherence and consistency, and the parts in the first chapter were analyzed in terms of creating a semantic whole. The coherence tools and the surface structure relations of the texts in the first chapter were explained; coherence tools and the great meaning of the text were emphasized. Considering that the work was written for instructive purposes, both the genre-specific qualities of the text were discussed and the effectiveness of the text generator and the text decoder on the meaning of the text was revealed. As a result, it has been understood that the parts in the first chapter of Nehcü'l-Ferādīs are both coherent and consistent within themselves, as well as showing conformity and compatibility with the general purpose of the work.