Gated communities as the new spatial areas of neoliberal urban transformation: The investigation of closed settlements in the context of risk and safety in point of the case of Istanbul

With the advancement of neoliberal area we witnessed a radical change in urban life.We can say that in this "new city" one of the biggest change occurred in the everyday life and the systems of social interactions within the city which was resulted by the uncertainties of work life occurred as a result of bigger social changes. At the same time, based on the uncertainty in the process of turning into a life form, we are observing the emergence of a new quality, a new form of city constructed around the city's uncertainty and fears. Gated communities of the late modern city have been one of the most important outcomes of the condition mentioned above. This new form of life which is shaped by the factors such as risk, fear and uncertainties of the "new middle classes" of the "new city", which has a global scale background, has been shaping the conditions of everyday life in the "new city". In the context of the neoliberal city in which the formlessness, individual contacts, uncanny, stranger an even any kind of public image has turned into a frightening factor, permanent passivity in this new city become the greatest source of security of the city. This process that causes the end of traditional modern city has caused the collapse of images that has been binding private and public life and the traditional modern city images like neighborhood and street. Now the city is not an association that brings together the differences but, that literally, it has become the camps of the life space by the ' private life fanatics '. Our study is questioning the conditions mentioned in the context of metropolitan areas that has been witnessing of these problems in Turkey. Because it is the best possible location, we have chosen Istanbul, to study gated communities and aimed to analyze risk of an everyday life of fear and uncertainty, to show that the output of the existing situation by the analysis in the context of private life and the public sphere.