The analysis of Nepotism, Cronyism and Patronage tendencies in the context of institutionalization perception

Favoritism is an implementation with different kinds notably nepotism, cronyism, and patronage. It is possible to describe favoritism as "continuous implementation on individual, group, organization and government". It can be said that many individuals are complaining and also many of these complaining individuals are subject to this concept. People being the subject of these implementations prevent themselves to solve this problem, research this concept and voice freely. The starting point of this study is that favoritism is still continuing its own existence among institutions and that no one is offering a solution. With the opinion of institutionalization might prevent favoritism, the aim of this study took its final form with the questions "Is there a relationship between institutionalization and favoritism?" and "Is institutionalization a solution for implementations of favoritism?" This study has been conducted on employees of the Municipality of Bornova and the data has been gathered via surveys. In the survey forms, employees' perception of institutionalization has been measured among with the perceptions of nepotism, cronyism, and patronage. While analyzing the data, reliability tests, validity tests, frequency analysis, factor analysis, one sample t-test, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis have been conducted. As a result of the analysis, it can be said that there is a correlation between institutionalization and favoritism. Also, there is a significant negative correlation between institutionalization and nepotism, cronyism and patronage. In consequence of analyzes, it is seen that in context of gender, female employees' perception of favoritism is low comparing to male employees. With the data obtained, it can be said that institutionalization is a solution for favoritism. In order to prevent favoritism, both individuals and organizations should give importance to institutionalization. Key words: Institutional theory, Institutionalization, Corruption, Favoritism, Nepotism, Cronyism, Patronage.