Determination of paraoxonase-1, myeloperoxidase activity and serum amyloid a levels in obese, overweight and normal weight individuals and investigation of the relationship

Aim: In our study, we aimed to determine myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activities and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in obese, overweight and normal weight individuals and to evaluate how the antioxidant properties of HDL are affected. Material and Method: Three groups of 31 normal weight, 29 overweight and 31 obese subjects aged 20-50 years were included in our study. Serum MPO and PON1 activities were measured by photometric method and SAA level was measured by ELISA method. Results: Mean triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) (p<0,0001) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (p=0,005) levels of the obese and overweight group were found to be statistically significantly higher than the normal weight group. high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels in the overweight and obese groups were significantly lower than those in the normal weight group (p<0,0001). The PON1 activity of the obese group was found to be statistically significantly lower than that of the normal weight group (52.20±10.82 U/ml and 58.32±7.94 U/ml, respectively, p=0,032). The MPO activity of the obese group was found to be statistically significantly higher than that of the normal weight group (876.43±329.20 U/ml and 707.23±194.98 U/ml, respectively, p=0,030). No significant difference was observed in serum SAA levels between the groups (8.01±4.87 mg/L, 7.88±4.36 mg/L, and 7.58±5.07 mg/L, respectively, p=0,946). A weak positive correlation was found between HDL-C and PON1 (r=0,288, p=0,006). In our study, a positive significant correlation was observed between MPO enzyme activity and total cholesterol (TC), TG, LDL-C, while no significant correlation was observed between HDL-C and MPO. CRP of the obese group was significantly higher than the normal weight group. There was a moderate positive significant correlation between MPO activity and CRP levels in the normal weight group (r=0,441, p=0,013). There was a moderate positive significant correlation between SAA levels and CRP levels in the obese group (r=0,589, p=0,003). Conclusions: Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress caused by obesity lead to heterogeneity and functional diversity in the structure and composition of HDL. Therefore, we believe that in obesity, determining not only HDL-C levels but also the enzyme and protein composition of HDL, as well as its antioxidant properties, would be more beneficial in assessing the risk of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.