Examination of sperm calcium channels and olfactory receptors in various infertile cases in odorant progesterone applied culture medium

The combination of the egg and the sperm cell is not a process which sperm can only leak into the egg by mechanical processes. In this process, an unusual and special biochemical reaction plays a leading role. Sperm odor receptors are an important factor in the regulation of chemotactic behavior with changes in calcium channels. Ca2 + flow leads to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration and allows sperm to move faster. In addition, Ca2 + channels have been shown to be essential for fertility. Odorant; acting as a chemoattractant, it interacts with the hor17-4 odorant receptor that found in human sperm and causes chemotaxis. Burjonal used as odorant in studies, a strong agonist for odorant receptors and chemoattractants. By using this chemoattractant, we provided important information about the interaction of odor receptors in the sperm. Some researchers found that progesterone in the rabbit oocyte causes chemotaxis such as bourgeonal, however, human studies were lacking in the ability of sperm odorant receptors and calcium cation channels to reach the egg and perform normal physiology. The aim of this study is investigate the effects of sperm odor receptors on sperm tail movement and to evaluate hyperactivity in fertile and infertile cases in odorant progesterone treated culture media. The study was submitted to the Biruni University Ethics Committee and was approved in 2018/13-6 and dated 26.02.2018. The study was applied to the Biruni University Hospital between January 2019 and June 2019 in patients who applied for spermiogram analysis. In study; patients admitted to the Biruni University Hospital Urology outpatient clinic. Standard semen analysis was performed according to WHO criteria in normospermia (n:28) and oligoastenoteratospermia (n:28) groups, followed by swim up method and by adding progesterone sperm motility examined and with immunofluorescence method changes in sperm calcium channel were evulated. After sperm separation by swim-up method, progesterone was applied and incubation was carried out at 37 ° C for 45 minutes. After incubation, motility was evaluated and pre and post values were compared. The samples were frozen in the hospital and then examined by the immunofluorescence technique for the evaluation of calcium channels by using Catsper antibody and the pre-values were compared. According to this thesis, there was a significant difference in motile sperm between swim-up and progesterone which was used as a sperm preparation method. Motility parameters were taken into account and the changes in calcium channels of progesterone-treated sperms caused hyperactivation. The findings of this study have aimed to compare sperm odorant receptors and calcium channels in infertile and fertile cases and to make a contribution to the current literature in unexplained infertility group.