The idea of economic development in muslim thinkers in the last term of Ottoman State and its effect on economicdevelopment with economic policies

The world economies began to mature within a new system in the 19th century and beyond. The Ottoman economy is drawn into the process of organic and dynamic disintegration by this Western system. This process is the scene of a great resistance and development struggle for the Ottoman society. On the one hand, while preserving the basic principles and values that keep society alive for centuries, on the other hand, traditional institutions and activities are tried to be modernized in order to adapt to the international economic conjuncture. Therefore, significant changes and developments are recorded in all social systems, policies, institutions, activities and sectors, especially in the world of thought. In this context, the first part of the study deals with the Ottoman economic thought and development in general, and then the economic mindsets of Muslim thinkers Ahmed Cevdet Pasha, Namık Kemal and Said Nursi are introduced. It was determined that these thinkers acted on an Islamic mentality. In this respect, they discussed the economic issues from the point of waste, economics, frugality, livelihood, labour, plentifulness, gratitude, daily. All of them said that only science, technique and methodology must be taken from the West while defending the preservation of Ottoman-Islamic culture. In the second part, the policies are mentioned. In this respect, the programs and policies relation to the agricultural, industrial and commercial sectors constituting the real economy are determined to directed to be development and reorganization process, especially in the period of II. Abdülhamid and Committee of Union and Progress. In the last part of the study, the effect of current policies on economic development has been investigated in detail. As a matter of fact, in the last period of the Ottoman Empire, a certain modernization was achieved in agriculture and at the same time the trade sector expanded considerably. However, a basic industry in the modern sense has not been fully established. In general, it can be asserted that a certain degree of development was achieved in the institutions and activities of the economy in the Ottoman Empire during the period examined.