Production of perovskite (CH3 NH3)3 Sb2 I9 thin films by thermal evaporation method and determination of instability mechanisms by electrical methods

Solar energy, which is at the forefront in terms of accessibility and resource in renewable energy sources, has a great potential. However, systems that convert solar energy into electrical energy are insufficient in meeting high efficiency and low costs in terms of sustainable use. With the advancement of technologies in the production of solar cells, new generation solar cells have begun to find a place for themselves in this field. With the third generation solar cells, which are among these new generation solar cells, it is aimed to produce with organic materials that are abundant in nature. However, the third generation solar cell, perovskite, is not commercially available because it degrades and loses its efficiency values shortly after production. In this thesis, the production of thin films with (CH3NH3)3Sb2I9 (Methylammonium Antimony Iodide) structure, which is used as the optical absorber layer in perovskite solar cells, which is from the third generation organic solar cell family, was carried out by thermal evaporation method. Scanning Tunneling Microscope (SEM) was used for the analysis of XRD (X-ray Diffraction) patterns and surface morphology analyzes for the structural characterization of the materials produced within the scope of the thesis. In addition, thermal stability optimization analyzes of the materials were carried out with TGA. Three different stress factors were applied on the materials in order to understand the instability effects of atmospheric conditions on thin films exposed to heat treatment applications at different temperatures after production. These stress factors are laboratory atmosphere, ultraviolet (UV) light application and light bath application, respectively. As a result of the obtained findings, the changes caused by different stress factors in the electrical conductivity of the thin film material were determined.