Effects of agricultural wastes with high phenolic content used in preparation of Pleurotus djamor mushroom growing environment on the productivity and some biochemical properties of the mushroom

In this study, it was aimed to ensure the preservation of fungal energy, nutritional content and antioxidant activity of the substrates used in production, in order to provide a wider range of data on the diseases of Pleurotus djamor (Rumph. ex Fr.) Boedijn mushrooms. In addition, the biological efficiency of different substrates and the cap characteristics of the fungus were also examined. For this purpose, P. djamor was grown on tea leaves (ÇA), olive pomace (ZP), grape pomace (ÜP), green walnut shell (YCK) and wheat straw (BS). The degradation process of the wastes was extended during the 90-day cultivation period and the differences between the results were determined by comparing the mycelial growth and yield. BS8:ZP2 was identified as the best substrates for P. djamor with shorter product release (23.6 days), BS8:ÇA2 high yield (213 g/kg) and biological effectiveness (BE%) (71%). Chemical analysis confirmed the increase in pH, C:N ratio, nitrogen and ash content of substrates during cultivation of P. djamor. Additionally, hats grown in different environments had high protein (15.17-26.25%), ash (6.13-8.77%) and carbohydrates (64.88-74.81%), total phenolic content (21.74-34.41 mg gallic acid exchange (GAE)) and demonstrated low fat content (1.24%-1.56%). The study revealed that different substrates used in production have an impact on mushroom yield, quality and nutritional content, which are key factors that dominate successful P. djamor cultivation.