Thomas Aquinas'ın politika felsefesinde teleolojik bakış açışı

The political philosophy of Saint Thomas Aquinas is based on the finality of the human world. In view of Aquinas all things that are happening occur in proportion to a teleological law, the universe and human life not only move towards an end, but they are also determined by this end. In this thesis we consider a verisimilitude between the order of the universe and the political sphere with regard to the teleological law, inherited Aristotle and criticized and then modified by Thomas Aquinas. Therefore the political community is constituted for a determinate fin: eternal beatitude of man. All constitutions of political community are instituted by imitating nature, and the perfect government of the universe by God which is the first example for establishment of government of the human world. The State which is responsible for assurance of acquisition of man?s ultimate end must justify its legitimacy to a new association. The Church which has a spiritual authority for the happiness of men appears with the assertion of power against the state. And Aquinas lays the groundwork for the establishment of the balance of power between the State and the Church in its terms.