Investigating the effect of polyphenolic compounds on gene expression of migration related genes JAM-A, LFA-1 and VLA-4 in hormon positive and negative breast cancer cell lines

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer occurring in the women and leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Metastasis is the cause of cancer death in 90% of the cases. Proteins managing the cell migration play role in the occurrence of cancer metastasis. Integrins and cell junctions have crucial importance in cancer proliferation and metastasis. Cytotoxic and apoptocic effects of polyphenolic compounds on cancer cells have been known from the previous studies. In our thesis project, the effect of the cocktail consisting of polyphenolic compounds on the cell migration and gene expression of VLA-4 (very late antigen-4, α4β1, ITGA4, CD49d/CD29) and LFA-1 (Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, αL/β2, ITGAL, CD11a/CD18) integrins and Jam-A (junctional adhesion molecule-A, F11R) which is one of the tight junctions, that interact with each other in the tumor metastasis were investigated in ER+ MCF-7, Triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and fibrocystic breast epithelial cell MCF-10A. Polyphenolic cocktail with 20% dose was found to cause a reduction in Jam-A gene expression in MCF-7 ve MCF-10A (p<0,001), an increase in LFA-1 gene expression in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A (p<0,001), a reduction in VLA-4 gene expression in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A (p<0,0001) cells at 48th hour of cell culture. Moreover, it was determined that polyphenolic cocktail decreased the cell migration in each and every cell in the study. It was observed that cell migration was totally arrested in MDA-MB-231 cells which were treated with 35% polyphenolic cocktail. Anti-migratory effect of the polyphenolic cocktail was occurred with lower doses (10%) in MCF-7 cells. Our results indicate that polyphenolic compounds have anti-metastatic effects in addition to their cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on breast cancer and might be considered as a part of cancer treatment.