Posthümanist bireyliğe doğru: Isaac Asimov'un ve Clifford d. Simak'in kısa bilim kurgu öykülerinde bireylik

The aim of this study is to analyze Isaac Asimov's and Clifford D. Simak's short science fiction stories that feature robot characters, with the objective of identifying to what extent they are allowed to display the six personhood criteria of sentience, emotionality, reason, the capacity to communicate, self-awareness and moral agency, as delineated by Mary Anne Warren and Susan Leigh Anderson. Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, which exemplify his humanistic outlook, do not permit many of his robot characters to attain the aforementioned six criteria. Thus, most Asimovian robots do not convey an impression of personhood. In contrast to Asimov's robot characters, Simak's robot characters create the impression of a human being wearing metalface because they fully manifest all six personhood criteria. Simak's depiction of behaviorally humanlike robots demonstrates that the author was able to anticipate a posthumanist and transhumanist perspective in his science fiction.