The ranking of the alternatives of renewable energy sources in Turkey by using PROMETHEE method

As an essential requirement for life, "energy" leads the growing demands of nowadays. Increased population rates and advanced technological conditions are the main causes of this situation. Trying to compensate such high demands causes limited energy sources to reduce even further and raises interest on renewable energy alternatives, which are accepted as a solution to this argumentative problem of today's World. In 2018, 32% of the total energy consumption in Turkey was obtained from locally-sourced renewable energy alternatives, which plays a great part for reducing environmental damage, allowing to promote sustainable practices and reduce the external dependence (this information was obtained from the Energy and Natural Sources Ministry). Consequently, it is understood that Turkey, with its convenient location in terms of potential renewable energy sources, has a low rate level for using these alternatives. Thus, realization of targets in purpose of using Turkey's own renewable energy sources more effectively provides significant contribution to allow the country to become self-sufficient on this matter. This research examines Turkey's current and future targets on renewable energy sources and suggests ranking by using the PROMETHEE method through 5 criteria on renewable energy alternatives such as biomass, geothermal, solar, wind, hydropower, and wave energy. Biomass, geothermal, solar, wind, and hydropower energy have already been examined for ranking the alternatives in related publications. Consequently, wave energy is added by considering criteria used in the work to the ranking as an addition to renewable energy sources. Using renewable energy alternatives more efficiently, providing sustainable energy from this alternatives and ensuring contribution to the reduction of energy import put forth the importance of potential criteria at ranking processess. With the great impact of potential criteria which is one of many for evaluating renewable energy alternatives ranking in Turkey, the storable biomass energy which does not create environmental pollution takes part at first place.