Effects of temperature on performance in PEM fuel cells: An experimental study

This study experimentally investigates the effect of temperature on the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). The experiments were conducted under a constant 12 Volt direct current, using varying amounts of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in amounts ranging from 5 to 35 grams, and within a temperature range of 25–30°C. The findings indicate that increasing temperature enhances proton conductivity and improves the rate of electrochemical reactions. Notably, significant increases in hydrogen and oxygen production were observed within the 25–30°C range. However, it was observed that when the temperature exceeded 70°C, membrane degradation and efficiency losses were recorded. This highlights the importance of temperature control as a critical parameter in PEMFC systems. Additionally, increasing the amount of KOH improved water dissociation and gas production, but it was emphasized that the amount should be managed carefully since excessive catalyst use may negatively affect membrane stability. The study has shown that the optimum temperature range is 25-30°C and that PEM fuel cells operate both efficiently and for a long time under these conditions. The experimental results are consistent with similar studies in the literature and serve as a valuable reference for future research. In particular, advancements in membrane materials, the use of alternative catalysts, and improvements in temperature regulation mechanisms are recommended as priority research areas to further enhance PEMFC performance.