Prurigo nodularis and atopic dermatitisil-1beta, IL-4, IL-13, S100A7, TARC and IL-22 levels comparison

Aim: This study aims to compare the serum levels of specific biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, S100A7, TARC, and IL-22) in patients with Prurigo Nodularis (PN) and Atopic Dermatitis (AD) to explore potential immunological similarities and differences between these two chronic inflammatory skin diseases. While the exact pathogenesis of PN remains unclear, some studies suggest that it may represent a variant of AD. By analyzing biomarker levels, this study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying both conditions. Methods: The study included 80 participants, consisting of 48 PN patients, 22 AD patients, and 11 healthy controls, who were recruited from Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology. Venous blood samples were collected, and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, S100A7, TARC, and IL-22 were measured using ELISA assays. Statistical analyses were performed to assess differences between the groups. Results: The findings revealed that PN patients had significantly higher levels of IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, and TARC compared to healthy controls. In AD patients, IL-1β and IL-4 levels were notably elevated. The similarity in IL-13 and TARC levels in both PN and AD groups suggests potential overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms between these diseases. Conclusion: The results indicate that PN is associated with a Th2-dominant immune response, similar to AD. Additionally, the high IL-1β levels in AD patients suggest a more pronounced systemic inflammatory burden in this group. These findings support the hypothesis that PN and AD share common immunological features, emphasizing the need for further research to clarify their relationship and improve therapeutic approaches. Keywords: Prurigo Nodularis, Atopic Dermatitis, Biomarker