The investigation of protective effects of protocatechuic acid on oxidative stress induced by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in rat's liver and kidney tissues

Environmental pollution is increasing every day, seriously threatening the world of today and the future, leaves with face to face the ecological dangers. Rapid increase in world population, increasing energy needs at the same time the industry's development and the resulting environmental pollution of urbanization have a negative impact on human health and other living things. Many toxic effects of substances on the environment and living organisms, among these toxic substances were detected in the dioxin and dioxin-like substances are the most common and have most toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sub-chronic TCDD applications on liver and kidney tissues in rats, and the protective role of protocatechuic acid in this respect.A total of 28 male Wistar Albino rats weigthing between 280-310 g were used in the present study. Rats were divided into four groups each of which including seven rats. The experiment period was planned as 45 days. During the study period, Group 1 was the control group and 0.5 mL of corn oil was applied with gavage. Group 2 was applied 2 ?g/kg/week dose 2,3,7,8-TCDD (tetrachlo-p-dioxin), Group 3 was applied 100 mg/kg/day of protocatechuic acid and Group 4 was applied protocatechuic acid + TCDD. At the end of the 45 days, the rats were sacrificed and their liver and kidney tissues were taken for biochemical analysis and were stored at 80oC.It was observed that liver and kidney tisues SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities and GSH levels have significantly reduced in TCDD group compared to control group. Although the increase in these enzyme activities is statistically (p?0,001) significant in PCA group.It was observed that the increase inGSH levelsin TCDD+PCA group is statistically significant than TCDD group, but no significant change has been observed in SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities between these groups.While the increase in GSH-Px, SOD activities and GSH levels in TCDD+PCA groupwas statistically significant than TCDD group, no significant (p?0,001) change has been observed in CAT activities between these groups.It was determined that the increase in MDA levels in liver and kidney tissues in TCDD groupwas statistically significant than control group. But no statistically significant change was observed in PCA groupthan control group. It was determined that the decrease in MDA levels in TCDD+PCA group was statistically significant than TCDD group.In conclusion, the results of the study in liver and kidney tissues showed that PCA decreased TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation, and supported antioxidant activity. Therefore, it can be suggested that protocatechuic acid has the potential prohibition or reducing effects for the treatment against the toxicity caused by TCDD.KEYWORDS: TCDD, protocatechuic acid, oxidative stress, liver and kidney tissues, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes.