Biomechanical investigation of the effects of occlosalstabilization splint therapy used in reduced anterior discdisplacement on the temporomandibular joint structures

Aim: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are clinical conditions characterized by symptoms such as pain and dysfunction, with reduced anterior disc displacement (RADD) being a common TMD. The examination of the movement degrees of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is crucial for determining diagnosis and treatment methods, and conservative treatment approaches, particularly occlusal stabilization splints (OSS), provide effective treatment for patients with RADD. The aim of our study is to investigate the biomechanical effects of OSS treatment on TMJ structures. Materials and Methods:In our study, we investigate the effect of occlusal stabilization splint (OSS) therapy on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures in a patient diagnosed with reducible anterior disc displacement (RADD). Using finite element analysis, 3D models of the TMJ were created. To understand the impact of disc position changes, the TMJ was positioned in two models: one in the anatomical position and the other in the anterior position. Results: TME models were analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA), which helps determine forces and stresses. The results show that OSS therapy has a positive effect on TME structures. Splints alleviate the anterior part of the joint disc, preventing displacement and excessive forces. Conclusion: OSS treatment reduces stress in TMJ structures and increases joint mobility. The findings offer an approach for examining the effects of treatments applied to patients on TMJ structures. This method allows the evaluation of the forces, stresses, and deformations in TMJ structures and may contribute to the development of more accurate and effective treatment methods.