Risk kalibrasyonlu olay sınıflandırıcılar

In some applications, intelligent agents rely on classifiers in order to make their decisions and accuracy of their predictions may play a significant role in performing their tasks successfully. Although deep neural networks perform very well in many classification tasks, they may sometimes fail in their predictions and the cost of all misclassification errors are usually considered as the same, which is not true in practice. For instance, classifying a pedestrian in a given image as a cyclist may cost significantly different from classifying it as a car for a self-driving car application. The costs of errors can be asymmetric, vary from agent-to-agent, and depend on context. Accordingly, this thesis proposes a novel approach for uncertainty quantification and risk-awareness in deep neural networks for classification. Our main intuition is that the predictive uncertainty can be quantified in a principled way; hence, classifiers can associate high uncertainty with their predictions when these predictions are more likely to be wrong. Furthermore, they incorporate the notion of misclassification risk during training, which allows them to avoid making wrong predictions leading to higher losses. To achieve this, the proposed risk-calibrated classifiers quantify the uncertainty in predictions based on the mean and variance of the Dirichlet distribution and increase the uncertainty value for the predictions, which are more likely to be wrong. Furthermore, the model increases the uncertainty for the classifications, which are more risky. To validate the performance of our approach, we conducted experiments on a variety of well-known data sets. The results show that the proposed risk-calibrated classifiers associate high uncertainty with their misclassification. Furthermore, the risk minimization objective of our loss function allows neural networks to make less risky decisions for classification.