A study on the Tanzimat novel according to the methods of Russian formalism

Russian Formalism, the leading and pioneer of formal literary theories that are oriented towards textual analysis such as New Criticism, Structuralism, Poststructuralism, is a literary theory established by a group of young linguists in Russia from 1915 to 1930. According to this rush, the value of literary work comes not from its relation to the real world, but from its arrangement. Because literary work itself is an integrity.For this reason, they struggled to disentangled literature from being a branch of art which disciplines like psychology, history and sociology use to reflect their own views and strived to make it to be a discipline which reflects itself in its own terms. Although the Russian Formalists have some differences in opinion as they do not stick to fixed definitions and rules, their work is shaped by the fact there is a specific value of literature and that this value comes out of the basic movement points that come from the arrangement of the work Russian Formalists, by the term "form", refer to the integrity of the work as a separate system from the outside world. The "content" that is thought to be overrated by the people before them is only one of the elements of the form; it is also one of the tools used to make the work. Because the content can also be taken from the outside world; but the form is unique to the artist. The fact that every novelist who describes a historical event can not write the same piece can be used to describe this situation. In the study, opinions derived from the views of the Russian Forms of literature and from the examination of the works were transformed into a systematic reading style, which was applied to the novels written during the Tanzimat period.